Companion / Counting the Killings

The federal blind spot

The FBI runs the country's only official use-of-force count. For most of its life it could not publish a national total, because reporting is voluntary and too few agencies chose to report.

← back to the reconciliation
Coverage

What share of officers the FBI can see

The FBI will not release national use-of-force totals until participating agencies employ at least 80 percent of the country's sworn officers. The program began in 2019 at 46 percent coverage. It first crossed the line in 2024, in its sixth year, then slipped back below it the year after.[src]

80% release threshold46%201953%202280%202478%2025

Two coverage numbers that get conflated: in 2022, participating agencies employed 53% of the country's sworn officers but were only 37% of its agencies. Big departments report and small ones do not, so officer-coverage runs well ahead of agency-coverage.[src]

YearOfficer coverageAbove thresholdNote
201946%noFirst reporting year of the program.[src]
202253%noShare of sworn officers employed by participating agencies.[src]
202480%yesFirst year clearing the 80 percent release threshold, in the program's sixth year.[src]
202578%noFell back below the threshold the following year.[src]
Why it matters

A count that cannot be published is not a count

This is the legibility gap in its purest form. The state has the broadest definition of all, every use of force that kills, seriously injures, or fires a weapon at a person, and the least to show for it, because it cannot compel its own agencies to answer. In the years the federal number stayed sealed, the counts that filled the vacuum came from a newspaper, a nonprofit, and a volunteer with a spreadsheet.

Verify the coverage numbers

Each row recomputes a headline fact from the committed release. If a number on this page is wrong, a row here goes red.

A check did not pass. The page and the release have drifted.

Need something like this built?

I design and ship AI tools, full-stack apps, and data pipelines — end to end, to production. Tell me the problem in a sentence; I'll give you an honest read on fit within a day.

Work with me →