[
  {
    "id": "wapo",
    "name": "Fatal Force",
    "operator": "The Washington Post",
    "kind": "Newspaper",
    "scope": "Fatal shootings by an on-duty police officer only. Excludes deaths in custody, off-duty shootings, and every non-shooting death (Tasers, restraint, vehicles).",
    "counts": "Fatal police shootings",
    "span": "2015-2024",
    "status": "Ended (tracking stopped 2024-12-31)",
    "method": "Local news, public records, and original reporting, incident by incident.",
    "license": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
    "url": "https://github.com/washingtonpost/data-police-shootings",
    "src": "wapo_ff"
  },
  {
    "id": "mpv",
    "name": "Mapping Police Violence",
    "operator": "Campaign Zero",
    "kind": "Activist",
    "scope": "All people killed by police by any means, including off-duty officers and deaths in custody. Broader than shootings.",
    "counts": "All police killings",
    "span": "2013-present",
    "status": "Active",
    "method": "Media reports, obituaries, public records, and other databases, reconciled.",
    "license": "Free for non-commercial use with attribution",
    "url": "https://mappingpoliceviolence.us/",
    "src": "mpv"
  },
  {
    "id": "fatal_encounters",
    "name": "Fatal Encounters",
    "operator": "D. Brian Burghart and volunteers",
    "kind": "Volunteer",
    "scope": "All deaths during interactions with police, by any cause. The widest net of the five, and the one that seeded the others.",
    "counts": "All deaths in police contact",
    "span": "2000-2021",
    "status": "Volunteer updates wound down after 2021",
    "method": "Crowd-sourced, public-records requests, paid research, manually verified.",
    "license": "Free to download and reuse",
    "url": "https://fatalencounters.org/",
    "src": "fatal_encounters"
  },
  {
    "id": "fbi",
    "name": "National Use-of-Force Data Collection",
    "operator": "Federal Bureau of Investigation",
    "kind": "Federal",
    "scope": "All uses of force resulting in death or serious bodily injury, or the discharge of a firearm at a person. Voluntary agency participation, so its totals stay sealed until coverage is high enough.",
    "counts": "Use-of-force incidents",
    "span": "2019-present",
    "status": "Active, but thresholded",
    "method": "Voluntary agency submissions to the UCR program.",
    "license": "Public data (federal)",
    "url": "https://www.fbi.gov/how-we-can-help-you/more-fbi-services-and-information/ucr/use-of-force",
    "src": "fbi_uof"
  },
  {
    "id": "guardian",
    "name": "The Counted",
    "operator": "The Guardian",
    "kind": "Newspaper",
    "scope": "All killings by law enforcement, including shootings, Tasers, vehicles, and custody deaths. A two-year effort that ran alongside the early Post database.",
    "counts": "All police killings",
    "span": "2015-2016",
    "status": "Ended after 2016",
    "method": "Reporting plus reader submissions, verified against public records.",
    "license": "Journalistic database",
    "url": "https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2015/jun/01/the-counted-police-killings-us-database",
    "src": "guardian_counted"
  }
]